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文本来源：Economics in the Rear-View Mirror
https://www.irwincollier.com/
最近我们学校关于博士博资考的争论很大，具体就是在当前二级学科差异化较大的情况下，博士二年级下学期对一级学科的重复考察（博士一年级学习的五高内容）是否必要。
乔治·斯蒂格勒：经济思想史博士博资考试题（1974）
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Irwin Collier
考试由以下六个问题组成（回答其中五题），来自乔治·斯蒂格勒（George Stigler）在芝加哥大学档案馆的论文。可以肯定的是，斯蒂格勒写下了这些问题。
Write on five of the following questions：
一、John Stuart Mill is undergoing a rehabilitation of reputation after long being viewed as a pallid synthesizer of classical doctrines. Is this improved reputation deserved?
约翰·斯图亚特·密尔在长期被视为古典学说的苍白的综合者（pallid synthesizer）之后，声誉正在恢复。这种声誉的提高是否实至名归？
二、Precisely how is the product-after-deduction-of-rent divided between labor and capital in the Ricardian system? Is the short run division different from the long run division? Is the system in equilibrium?
在李嘉图体系中，扣除地租后的产品在劳动和资本之间是如何分配的？短期划分与长期划分是否不同？该体系是否处于均衡状态？
三、Jevons is the founder of quantitative economics. What is the basis for this claim? Why did this type of work appear as late (or early?) as the 1860’s?
杰文斯是数量经济学的创始人。这一说法的依据是什么？为什么这类著作迟至（或早至）19 世纪 60 年代才出现？
四、Smith rated some forms of investment as socially preferable to others. What was his ranking of agriculture, manufactures and trade? Was his analysis valid?
斯密认为某些形式的投资在社会上优于其他形式的投资。他对农业、制造业和贸易的排序是怎样的？他的分析有效吗？
五、John A. Hobson, N. Lennin [sic], and others have authored theories of imperialism, which, in spite of various differences, have in common the proposition that modern expansionist wars and diplomatic entanglements are a consequence of the economic structure and dynamics of capitalism. Against this point of view, it has been argued that aggressive expansionism is much older than modern capitalism, and that economic interests have been used as a pawn of the political ambitions of statesmen. What kind of evidence would you regard as valid to evaluate the appropriateness of either type of theory on the relationships between economic change and war.
约翰·A·霍布森（John A. Hobson）、列宁（N. Lennin）等人撰写了帝国主义理论，这些理论尽管存在各种分歧，但共同的主张是，现代扩张主义战争和外交纠葛是资本主义经济结构和动态的结果。针对这一观点，有人认为，侵略性扩张主义比现代资本主义更为古老，经济利益被用作政治家政治野心的棋子。您认为有哪些有效证据来评价这两种理论在经济变革与战争之间关系上的适当性。
六、Malthus’ gloomy prediction that the standard of living could not rise above a subsistence level proved wrong with respect to the Western world. List as many reasons as you can to account for this. Also, state as precisely as possible how Western population trends of the past two centuries can be related to (a) the law of diminishing returns and (b) shifts in production-possibility frontiers.
马尔萨斯关于生活水平无法提高到生存水平以上的悲观预测在西方世界被证明是错误的。请尽可能多地列举原因。另外，请尽可能准确地说明过去两个世纪的西方人口趋势如何与 (a) 收益递减规律和 (b) 生产可能性边界的变化相关联。
Source: University of Chicago Archives. George Stigler Papers, Addenda. Box 33 (2005-16), Folder: “Exams & Prelim Questions.”